With a population of 260 million, Indonesia is the world’s fourth most populous nation. The metropolitan region of the nation’s capital, Jakarta, is home to around 30 million people – second only to Tokyo in the ranking of conurbations worldwide.

The population of Indonesia is very young, with an average age of around 30 years.

Indonesia’s official language, Bahasa Indonesia, is one of the building blocks of a common identity. Almost 90 percent of Indonesians are Muslim, giving Indonesia the world’s largest concentration of Muslims.

Indonesia has a tropical climate, with extremely high humidity and average temperatures between 25 and 27 degrees Celsius (77–81° F).

The form of government of the Republic of Indonesia is a presidential democracy. The president and head of government are both elected for five years. Currently, Joko Widodo – commonly called “Jokowi” in Indonesia – leads the affairs of state as a member of the Democratic Party of the Struggle of Indonesia (PDI-P). He has been president since October 2014 and will remain so until 2024 following his electoral success in April 2019.

Indonesia is a founding member and one of the leading countries in ASEAN. Indonesia also belongs to the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund and the G20 group of nations.