Together with five partners from two other European countries, scientists at the LZH are developing a robust laser system for space-based measurements. So-called LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) systems use laser pulses to measure distances and velocities, but can also measure the concentrations of trace gases and aerosols in the air. In future, the laser system will be used to monitor greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide from space. These data on concentrations and distributions can help to better understand man-made climate change and track the impact of possible countermeasures.

Space-ready LiDAR laser system

The new laser is based on a hybrid architecture. It combines the advantages of fibre optic systems, which are compact, versatile and low-maintenance, with those of free-beam designs, which have high potential for performance scaling. To achieve this, the partners are working with both fibre and solid-state amplifiers. This combined solution is less complex than conventional systems and will significantly accelerate the development of the LiDAR system for space.

European independence in space

As part of the project, the partners are improving the design of a pulsed thulium fibre amplifier for the near-infrared range at a wavelength of 2.05 micrometres. The aim is to build a prototype of the fibre amplifier with a technology readiness level (TRL) of 6 using only European components. In order to optimise the entire laser system for use in space conditions, the partners are first developing a possible concept for a future space mission. Based on this, they will develop the requirements for the associated LiDAR system, the optomechanical design of the laser system and the specially adapted, high-performance laser diodes required to operate the fibre amplifiers, which emit at a wavelength of 790 nanometres. This will be brought together in the demonstration of a robust fibre amplifier built with European components. Finally, this will be integrated into a hybrid laser system.

LZH conducts tests for space suitability

The scientists at the LZH are responsible for testing space suitability in the project. They will subject individual components and the developed fibre amplifier to vibration and shock, temperature change and radiation tests. The fibre amplifier is to be further developed from the existing technology readiness level (TRL) 4 to 6 within three years.

About HALLOA

Under the leadership of ONERA (Office national d'études et de recherches aérospatiales), six research institutes and companies from three European countries are collaborating on the Hybrid Amplifier Laser for LIDAR OperAtions (HALLOA) project: Laboratoire de Métérorologie Dynamique, LZH, Keopsys Industries, Lumibird Photonics Italia Srl and Erdyn Consultants SAS. The project is funded under the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 101189970.